Asashouryuu return preparations

[Afrozuna]

Ok this nonsense about Asashoryu looking mean and bad needs to stop. The papers are still trying to sell Asa as an unrehabilatated misfit who will crack sooner or later. They do a good job of giving him a hard time following him around and soforth but they don't expect him to be fustrated. Although all celebrities are subject to this type of treatment, the media should not be shocked if the response is discerning towards them. Leave Asa alone to gambarise and provide the benchmark high quality sumo we expect from him.

[Kintamayama]

Asa greets fans in Fukuoka:

Nikkan now joins the bandwagon and reports Asa shouted an obscenity at a cameraman who came too close to his car.

In the meantime, day 1 of the jungyo has commenced, with Asa on the dohyo doing some keiko and looking genki. He was greeted with a huge round of applause and encouraging shouts from the fans. His body was looking a bit plump, but his shoulder muscles seemed as strong as always. He practiced for some 15 minutes with Yoshikaze and was seen smiling now and then. After the keiko he went to the jungyo headqarters and, well, yes, apologized. "I am sorry for causing all this bother..It is inexcusable..", he said. "I hope you will fire up the sumo kyokai (??)from now on.." said a hopeful Ooshima Oyakata.

It looks like Osh is doing more than the dohyo-iri.. Priceless look on his face, though:

Edited December 2, 2007 by Kintamayama

[Kintamayama]

Ok this nonsense about Asashoryu looking mean and bad needs to stop. The papers are still trying to sell Asa as an unrehabilatated misfit who will crack sooner or later. T

It's probably true-I don't believe we are now seeing a "new Asashouryuu" molded in the Kyokai's image. I certainly hope it's not so. He'll probably be a bit more careful and think out things some more, but his arrogant demeanor shouldn't and won't change. That's what I like about him, at least. It's part of his fighting spirit, part of the secret of his fantastic success.

I just hope he won't crack.

[James H]

Ok this nonsense about Asashoryu looking mean and bad needs to stop. The papers are still trying to sell Asa as an unrehabilatated misfit who will crack sooner or later.

It's probably true-I don't believe we are now seeing a "new Asashouryuu" molded in the Kyokai's image. I certainly hope it's not so. He'll probably be a bit more careful and think out things some more, but his arrogant demeanor shouldn't and won't change. That's what I like about him, at least. It's part of his fighting spirit, part of the secret of his fantastic success.

I was at the press conference and spent most of it looking at Asashoryu's body language and trying to work out exactly what the dynamic was between him, the press, the oyakata and so on. I think the first thing is that he is still Asa - the swagger, the glare, the certainty - those things are all there. And he still carries himself like a yokozuna. That's good, no? At the same time, he apologised, he explained (with a hint of self-justification), he also bowed in apology twice - the second time much longer than the first (it was a proper "sorry" bow from where I was standing). He also took a lot of questions - for as long as anyone could think of any.

That is pretty unusual for a sumo wrestler, and completely unusual for a yokozuna. Of course, his behavior over the summer was completely unusual for a yokozuna too, so maybe the "punishment" of hostile questioning and and open-ended press conference fits the crime.

The only time he really got annoyed was with some wooly and vague questions that I don't think the questioner understood, and a TV guy who preceded his question with a list of all Asa's sins. A guy standing next to me who asked him about his lack of "hin" or dignity got a classic Asashoryu scowl, but Asashoryu's answer was conciliatory and he conceded that it was something he wanted to study.

Oh, and the thing about him swearing as he got into a lift - dunno, i was filing my story so I can't say whether it is true or not - one more thing for those who care - the hochi guy (a new guy since April) was one of those asking the toughest questions, so this may be a position they have decided to take.

Edited December 2, 2007 by James H

[Afrozuna]

Daymn!!! Asa's biceps looked even more ripped. Clearly he was working out like there was no tomorrow. He must have resolved he has a lesson to teach to everyone. I really feel the ban really helped more than anything else. He got a rest many Yokozuna need to have very serious injuries to get. Must have spent a lot of time studying Hakuho. Not much to study there but still good to keep an eye on the young gun.

Kotooshu seems to be thinking "Oh Shyt here we go again".

[yoda]

While Asa is doing the right thing by apologizing, he never looks really accepting the guilt. I am on his side, to be honest. Do you think he genuinely thinks that he committed a crime that really hurt someone, for which he needs to apologize? No way.

He was in defensive position because of his inproper handling of the incident just after. Now, he seems to have overcome the mistake and ready to teach a lesson or two to everyone, including Kitanoumi. He seems to have figured it out how. Very easy. Come back to Japan and apologize no matter what. Then take few yushos, breaking few records along the way. When he is recognized as true Dai Yokozuna, he will retire and leave Japan behind, and play soccer with kids in Mongolia. I've red that Mongolians have notorious record in outsmarting their opponent.

[Gaijinohana]

All I know is that after all this 'he must apologize in a way that pleases the organization' crap...I hope he rolls over every japanese wrestler and that together he and Hakuho dominate sumo for the next decade. This whole affair looked like the bigger dog in the park making the smaller one roll over and show his belly. Ridiculous. The whole affair was blown so far out of proportion. Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans. I have not watched for the last two months because seriously...who cares about watching a bunch of half-ass wrestlers go after Hakuho?! They should realize that the Asa-Hahuko rivalry is all this sport has at the moment and not let a moment of it pass by without celebrating it.

[HenryK]

All I know is that after all this 'he must apologize in a way that pleases the organization' crap...I hope he rolls over every japanese wrestler and that together he and Hakuho dominate sumo for the next decade. This whole affair looked like the bigger dog in the park making the smaller one roll over and show his belly. Ridiculous. The whole affair was blown so far out of proportion. Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

In particular when "making it more" is factually identical with giving more power to the apparatchiks in the Sumo Association, whohave amply proven their competence in ru(i)n(n)ing the sport in recent years.

[kaiguma]

In particular when "making it more" is factually identical with giving more power to the apparatchiks in the Sumo Association, whohave amply proven their competence in ru(i)n(n)ing the sport in recent years.

I am so tired of your incessant disparaging of a thing you do not understand. Instead of inserting it as the sassy tagline to your every post, regardless of subject, can you just make it into your signature, so we can ignore it most of the time? Maybe just: "I HATE NSK" then you can get it off your chest every time you post and we don't have to hear you repeat it constantly as if it's news.

No one here is an NSK cheerleader. We are aware that NSK has fundamental problems and ptifalls in the way they handle things. But some things they have handled quite well over the years. It's important to note that Sumo has grown in exactly the way it was meant to grow, slowly and carefully. Of course by 'growing' I mean changing and adapting, not profits or revenues. Is it viable for long-term stability? Maybe not; maybe drastic changes are in order to ensure ultimate survival. But those drastic changes will have to come from the Kyokai, who actually DO know how to best preserve and protect the spiritual and sacred elements of Ozumo.

What bugs me the most is that you are so wont to criticize without offering a real solution. Let's say you delete NSK from the picture. To whom do you hand over this operation? Private enterprise? That'll go over well... Sumo will look just like dumb Pro-Ressu in no time. No thank you. Don't want it.

How would Private Enterprise handle the Asashoryu incident? Hmm well, let's see, first of all, they would have done away with the old rules for proper Yokozuna Behaviour, so Asa probably would have never been in any trouble in the first place, right? Good, we don't even have to figure out his punishment!

Now follow that idea a little further. I don't care if you are on another page from most sane and reasonable sumo fans, and feel Asa did no wrong and deserves no punishment. You must admit that without the current rules for proper Yokozuna Behaviour, demeanor, etc., the title eventually becomes meaningless, or at the least very shallow. A Yokozuna, as defined now, is MUCH more than an Ozeki rikishi who pulled together back-to-back yushos. Under Private Enterprise, a Yokozuna would be just that and nothing more. Care to see over 50% of Sumo's National Audience disappear overnight? No PR machine can save Sumo if the NSK suddenly diappears from the picture. Sumo would be gone as we know it in the blink of an eye, and I for one would not like whatever you'd call the replacement. (Sigh...)

Edited December 3, 2007 by kaiguma

[kaiguma]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

How can you say this with a straight face? You've been a member of this forum for years and you still believe Sumo is just wrestling, or that they are just now trying to make it more than just wrestling?

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum. More uneducated than any post by any N00b. You sir, have no excuse.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

Edited December 3, 2007 by kaiguma

[HenryK]

In particular when "making it more" is factually identical with giving more power to the apparatchiks in the Sumo Association, whohave amply proven their competence in ru(i)n(n)ing the sport in recent years.

I am so tired of your incessant disparaging of a thing you do not understand. Instead of inserting it as the sassy tagline to your every post, regardless of subject, can you just make it into your signature, so we can ignore it most of the time? Maybe just: "I HATE NSK" then you can get it off your chest every time you post and we don't have to hear you repeat it constantly as if it's news.

No one here is an NSK cheerleader. We are aware that NSK has fundamental problems and ptifalls in the way they handle things. But some things they have handled quite well over the years. It's important to note that Sumo has grown in exactly the way it was meant to grow, slowly and carefully. Of course by 'growing' I mean changing and adapting, not profits or revenues. Is it viable for long-term stability? Maybe not; maybe drastic changes are in order to ensure ultimate survival. But those drastic changes will have to come from the Kyokai, who actually DO know how to best preserve and protect the spiritual and sacred elements of Ozumo.

What bugs me the most is that you are so wont to criticize without offering a real solution. Let's say you delete NSK from the picture. To whom do you hand over this operation? Private enterprise? That'll go over well... Sumo will look just like dumb Pro-Ressu in no time. No thank you. Don't want it.

How would Private Enterprise handle the Asashoryu incident? Hmm well, let's see, first of all, they would have done away with the old rules for proper Yokozuna Behaviour, so Asa probably would have never been in any trouble in the first place, right? Good, we don't even have to figure out his punishment!

Now follow that idea a little further. I don't care if you are on another page from most sane and reasonable sumo fans, and feel Asa did no wrong and deserves no punishment. You must admit that without the current rules for proper Yokozuna Behaviour, demeanor, etc., the title eventually becomes meaningless, or at the least very shallow. A Yokozuna, as defined now, is MUCH more than an Ozeki rikishi who pulled together back-to-back yushos. Under Private Enterprise, a Yokozuna would be just that and nothing more. Care to see over 50% of Sumo's National Audience disappear overnight? No PR machine can save Sumo if the NSK suddenly diappears from the picture. Sumo would be gone as we know it in the blink of an eye, and I for one would not like whatever you'd call the replacement. (Sigh...)

Your post is long on verbose indignation but very short on arguments. No, I don't advocate abolishing the NSK. But I do advocate opening it up and holding its members accountable for what is going wrong with sumo. And with this I do not mean the silly Asashoryu affair, but things like dying junior rikishis and serial matchfixing. Tighlty knit circles of protected insiders rarely produce anything good, and certainly they won't produce reform. It's the Kitanoumis and Uchidates who should be in trouble and under pressure to produce something, much more than Asashoryu.

Now I'm sure all this will reflects again my profound lack of understanding; but fact of the matter is that thus far you have done a pretty lousy job in pointing of what exactly this lack of understanding consists.

[HenryK]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

How can you say this with a straight face? You've been a member of this forum for years and you still believe Sumo is just wrestling, or that they are just now trying to make it more than just wrestling?

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum. More uneducated than any post by any N00b. You sir, have no excuse.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

Now be so kind and say in cleary what specifically you mean. How exactly is sumo "more" than a branch of wrestling with a long tradition, an exciting format, and a well thought-through rating system.

I'm not saying that it isn't. But I would like to know from you -- who you are a much more educated sumo fan -- what this "more" consists of.

Cheers,

HK

Edited December 3, 2007 by HenryK

[Ikh Mongol Dagvadorj]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

How can you say this with a straight face? You've been a member of this forum for years and you still believe Sumo is just wrestling, or that they are just now trying to make it more than just wrestling?

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum. More uneducated than any post by any N00b. You sir, have no excuse.

don't you find it unnecessary to comment like that. Can't you find some different word in order to avoid any backfiring.

In my opinion Gaijinohana has only different opinion than yours, not uneducated comment

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

"before it was called Sumo" -which means before It was called Sumo, it was not sumo. Maybe a dance or whatever

Most of the sports has its root/meaning/ideals in some subjective origin in ancient time. Some even come up with "heavenly meaning" to any sporting events (including sumo) in order to give more importance to their favorite sports. It is like marketing Ad.

Whatever someone say about Sumo, at the end it is still wrestling sport and entertainment and some income for wrestlers /those related to sumo.

Professional sumo (大相撲, ōzumō?) can trace its roots back to the Edo Period in Japan as a form of sporting entertainment. The original wrestlers were probably samurai, often ronin, who needed to find an alternative form of income

Edited December 3, 2007 by Ikh Mongol Dagvadorj

[Gusoyama]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

How can you say this with a straight face? You've been a member of this forum for years and you still believe Sumo is just wrestling, or that they are just now trying to make it more than just wrestling?

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum. More uneducated than any post by any N00b. You sir, have no excuse.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

Now be so kind and say in cleary what specifically you mean. How exactly is sumo "more" than a branch of wrestling with a long tradition, an exciting format, and a well thought-through rating system.

I'm not saying that it isn't. But I would like to know from you -- who you are a much more educated sumo fan -- what this "more" consists of.

Cheers,

HK

Take a look at an amasumo match, and a pro Sumo match. There's your answer. The rituals, the tradition, the history, all of it. I can take or leave amasumo, unless someone I know is doing it, but Ozumo, that's what I love.

[HenryK]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

How can you say this with a straight face? You've been a member of this forum for years and you still believe Sumo is just wrestling, or that they are just now trying to make it more than just wrestling?

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum. More uneducated than any post by any N00b. You sir, have no excuse.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

Now be so kind and say in cleary what specifically you mean. How exactly is sumo "more" than a branch of wrestling with a long tradition, an exciting format, and a well thought-through rating system.

I'm not saying that it isn't. But I would like to know from you -- who you are a much more educated sumo fan -- what this "more" consists of.

Cheers,

HK

Take a look at an amasumo match, and a pro Sumo match. There's your answer. The rituals, the tradition, the history, all of it. I can take or leave amasumo, unless someone I know is doing it, but Ozumo, that's what I love.

Fair enough. Rituals, history, tradition -- that's what I love about Ozumo too, together with the fascinating form of combat: fast, forceful, intense, technical, non-violent. And the ingenious ranking system and tournament organziation. But frankly, I expected a bit more "more" from our educated friend. This "more" I could have put together myself.

Edited December 4, 2007 by HenryK

[Yangnomazuma]

Well...let's see. Asashoryu has RETURNED. Any way we can get this meaningless drivel of an argument closed? Seems to me that there are way to many people trying to prove the size and density of their kintama on a public forum. I should start sending out tons of replies to these messages to pump up my post count...I'd make Sanyaku in no time.

Moderators...don't you think this string has outlived its usefulness?

[kaiguma]

Your post is long on verbose indignation but very short on arguments. No, I don't advocate abolishing the NSK. But I do advocate opening it up and holding its members accountable for what is going wrong with sumo. And with this I do not mean the silly Asashoryu affair, but things like dying junior rikishis and serial matchfixing. Tighlty knit circles of protected insiders rarely produce anything good, and certainly they won't produce reform. It's the Kitanoumis and Uchidates who should be in trouble and under pressure to produce something, much more than Asashoryu.

Now I'm sure all this will reflects again my profound lack of understanding; but fact of the matter is that thus far you have done a pretty lousy job in pointing of what exactly this lack of understanding consists.

Oh sure, I can make it a bit shorter and to the point:

If you can't change something, why must you constantly complain about it, and try to make all subjects lead to your wonderful epiphany? >>> NSK sucks.

The rest, I was merely trying to point out that they provide a very valuable service which is hard to measure. So they are doing their jobs well on many levels. When you look at the big picture, you focus on the negatives and take the positives for granted. I do exactly the opposite and thus I respect the NSK, though maybe not their business sense.

Hope that clarifies my position (Holiday feeling...)

[kaiguma]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum.

don't you find it unnecessary to comment like that. Can't you find some different word in order to avoid any backfiring.

In my opinion Gaijinohana has only different opinion than yours, not uneducated comment

For someone who has been around for years, it is uneducated. It is not a matter of opinion that Ozumo is about 3 core principles shion, gi, tai (heart technique physique). When we say heart we are not speaking of the organ, or not just pride, or "giving it your all." Shion is a spiritual element, tied in to Sumo's Shinto roots. Have you ever noticed that many rikishi are actually entering into meditative states as they prepare for a bout? No other sport integrates up to 4 minutes of official prep time to a short bout between 2 competitors. It's not only so they can get "psyched up."

If you made the same comment I wouldn't necessarily call it uneducated. If you said it derisively, I might point that out, but if it was said innocently, I would probably just feel a desire to educate. Being a member for 5 years or so, Gaijinohana has either ignored what he didn't understand, or refused to acknowledge the explanations and information of others. The outcome is an uneducated comment.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

"before it was called Sumo" -which means before It was called Sumo, it was not sumo. Maybe a dance or whatever

Most of the sports has its root/meaning/ideals in some subjective origin in ancient time. Some even come up with "heavenly meaning" to any sporting events (including sumo) in order to give more importance to their favorite sports. It is like marketing Ad.

Whatever someone say about Sumo, at the end it is still wrestling sport and entertainment and some income for wrestlers /those related to sumo.

Professional sumo (大相撲, ōzumō?) can trace its roots back to the Edo Period in Japan as a form of sporting entertainment. The original wrestlers were probably samurai, often ronin, who needed to find an alternative form of income

I'm not talking about dance, but exactly what you quoted above. Sumo has its roots in that description above, but it wasn't called Sumo in the beginning. It was just some guys out there wrestling. As it became formalized into Ozumo, it gathered meaning and ritual, trappings and tradition. No one can pinpoint a date, but once these formalities took root, it has been more than wrestling. No one is trying to make it more than wrestling. It just is.

[HenryK]

Sumo is wrestling...as soon as they try and make it more than that they begin to lose fans.

It appears to me as the singular most uneducated comment I have ever read on this forum.

don't you find it unnecessary to comment like that. Can't you find some different word in order to avoid any backfiring.

In my opinion Gaijinohana has only different opinion than yours, not uneducated comment

For someone who has been around for years, it is uneducated. It is not a matter of opinion that Ozumo is about 3 core principles shion, gi, tai (heart technique physique). When we say heart we are not speaking of the organ, or not just pride, or "giving it your all." Shion is a spiritual element, tied in to Sumo's Shinto roots. Have you ever noticed that many rikishi are actually entering into meditative states as they prepare for a bout? No other sport integrates up to 4 minutes of official prep time to a short bout between 2 competitors. It's not only so they can get "psyched up."

If you made the same comment I wouldn't necessarily call it uneducated. If you said it derisively, I might point that out, but if it was said innocently, I would probably just feel a desire to educate. Being a member for 5 years or so, Gaijinohana has either ignored what he didn't understand, or refused to acknowledge the explanations and information of others. The outcome is an uneducated comment.

Sumo has always been more than just wrestling. It has never been just wrestling, except maybe long long ago before it had any history and before it was called Sumo.

"before it was called Sumo" -which means before It was called Sumo, it was not sumo. Maybe a dance or whatever

Most of the sports has its root/meaning/ideals in some subjective origin in ancient time. Some even come up with "heavenly meaning" to any sporting events (including sumo) in order to give more importance to their favorite sports. It is like marketing Ad.

Whatever someone say about Sumo, at the end it is still wrestling sport and entertainment and some income for wrestlers /those related to sumo.

Professional sumo (大相撲, ōzumō?) can trace its roots back to the Edo Period in Japan as a form of sporting entertainment. The original wrestlers were probably samurai, often ronin, who needed to find an alternative form of income

I'm not talking about dance, but exactly what you quoted above. Sumo has its roots in that description above, but it wasn't called Sumo in the beginning. It was just some guys out there wrestling. As it became formalized into Ozumo, it gathered meaning and ritual, trappings and tradition. No one can pinpoint a date, but once these formalities took root, it has been more than wrestling. No one is trying to make it more than wrestling. It just is.

Would you agree to the following statemet: Ozumo is a wrestling competition with an exceptional degree of tradidion and rituals surrounding the competition attached to it?

As for the NSK, fair enough. Maybe we just feel drawn from different angles. I feel the NSK functionaries are getting away with too much, and they are using tradition as a pretext to cement their personal rule over the sport and cover up their failures. You maybe feel the NSK as an institution gets unfairly blamed for everything, and there is a risk that its fundmental positive role gets overlooked in the process. I wonder whether we could agree on some middle ground --- the NSK is there to stay, but it needs reform.

[Jakusotsu]

Would you agree to the following statemet: Ozumo is a wrestling competition with an exceptional degree of tradidion and rituals surrounding the competition attached to it?

There's still more. What You describe is only one aspect: on the dohyo. But Ozumo is happening off the dohyo as well, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The whole heya structure and feudal lifestyle of the rikishi and the oyakata is much more than just a simple sport. They live and breathe sumo every single moment. What You see is only the pinnacle.

[Hananotaka]

Sumo, at least Ozumo, isn't simply a sport because there's an aesthetic inherent to it. It's not enough to win, it's important to win a certain way. In the Edo period sumo was essentially like pro wrestling - sports entertainment that was not exactly entirely unplanned. Japan eventually had to borrow the word "sports" because they didn't exactly have the concept. Sumo came closest, but rather than "(1): physical activity engaged in for pleasure (2): a particular activity (as an athletic game) so engaged in", it was a ritualized demonstration of physical strength for the enjoyment of spectators. And of course, like the tea ceremony, flower arranging, martial arts, and other Japanese cultural practices, it became a kyuudou: a path to enlightenment.

[kaiguma]

Would you agree to the following statemet: Ozumo is a wrestling competition with an exceptional degree of tradidion and rituals surrounding the competition attached to it?

I would agree to the statement as it stands, but I wouldn't call it definitive. I still feel Sumo is a way of life in addition to being a competition. The competition is necessary and vital, but not the foremost reason for Sumo's existence.

Hananokata's last sentence sums it up perfectly. Kyuudou designates something much more than an action for the sake of tangible results. Chadou, Shodou, Sumodou, etc. (The Way of Tea, the Way of the Brush, the Way of Sumo) - they all use the same Dou as kyuudou. Sprirituality is essential to all of these practices. Not every rikishi embodies the ideal principles, or even accepts them. Far from it. But the ideal is much larger than the individuals who practice Sumo. If one yokozuna or ozeki can fully embody the kyuudou of sumo, his presence will overshadow every other rikishi on the banzuke. Hinkaku (dignity and respect) is not a requirement of the Yokozuna just because the NSK is full of prudes. It is expected that a true Grand Champion has exercised all of the lessons to their fullest, not only his body and technique.

As for the NSK, fair enough. Maybe we just feel drawn from different angles. I feel the NSK functionaries are getting away with too much, and they are using tradition as a pretext to cement their personal rule over the sport and cover up their failures. You maybe feel the NSK as an institution gets unfairly blamed for everything, and there is a risk that its fundmental positive role gets overlooked in the process. I wonder whether we could agree on some middle ground --- the NSK is there to stay, but it needs reform.

Absolutely. I'm glad we agree on at least one thing (Holiday feeling...)

And, I suspect, much more.